Annotating your Research Paper

Use the following guidelines to cite your sources. Please use footnotes instead of endnotes and DO NOT use parenthetical citations.

Use the first listing for your bibliography and the second in the footnotes. Items in your bibliography should be divided between primary and secondary sources and listed by author in alphabetical order.

Book
Jordan, William C. Europe in the High Middle Ages (London: Penguin Books, 2001)
Jordan, Europe, 47

Journal Article
E. A. R. Brown, "The Tyranny of a Construct: Feudalism and the Historians of Medieval Europe" in The American Historical Review 79 (1974) 1063-1088
Brown, "The Tyranny," 1080.

Article in a Book
DeLooz, Pierre. "Towards a sociological study of canonized sainthood in the Catholic Church" in Saints and their Cults: Studies in Religious Sociology, Folklore and History, ed. Stephen Wilson (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1983) 189-216.
DeLooz, "Towards a sociological study," 200

Primary Source in Collection
Gregory VII. "First Deposition and Banning of Henry IV by Gregory VII" in The Middle Ages: Volume I, Sources of Medieval History ed. Brian Tierney (New York: McGraw Hill, 1999) 124 - 125
Gregory VII, "First Deposition," 124.

Primary Source from the Internet
James I of Aragón. "The Barcelona Navigation Act of 1227" in The Internet Medieval Sourcebook [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/1227barcelona2.html]
James I, "Navigation Act."

Sources you SHOULD NOT use for your Paper
Class Notes
General Encyclopedias
Popular Magazine Articles
Popular History Books
Secondary Sources from the Internet including, but not limited to Wikipedia and other online encyclopedias. [There is a lot of useful material online, but there is also plenty of information of questionable value to the historian. As a general rule, DO NOT cite secondary sources from the internet on your paper. Please note that academic articles, book reviews, and the like which are kept online in databases like JStor or H-Net can be used in your papers. One way to determine if the information is valuable is to read through some of the sites put together by Prof. Tygiel in his webpage. If you are still in doubt about a site, check with me.]

For additional information on citing consult Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Terms Papers, Theses and Dissertations (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), check the Chicago Manual of Style Online, or click here.