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UPPER DIVISION COURSES  Spring 2010

HIST 300GWAR    Seminar in Historical Analysis (Required Course for History Majors and Minors)
Sherry Katz, Julyana Peard, Laura Lisy-Wagnor, Charles Postel (5 sections in all)
In 1828 T.B. Macaulay wrote, “to write history respectably . . . is very easy. But to be a really great historian is perhaps the rarest of intellectual distinctions.” Despite the somewhat hyperbolic quality of Macaulay’s comment, there is a great deal of truth in it. The purpose of this course is to start you on the road to appreciating great history by familiarizing you with the techniques of writing and evaluating history. As an apprentice historian, you will learn something of the craft of the profession. You will explore some of the varieties of history and of historical explanation, and you will engage in your own historical project. In most sections, students will both present critiques of the work of historians, and conduct and present their own research project. Most sections will cover the various stages of creating a successful historical essay- selecting a subject, locating sources, gathering useful notes and data, organizing a presentation (written or oral), and compiling footnotes and a bibliography. Some sections will use a particular topic as a means of exploring historical analysis, historiography, and research methods. Students are advised to complete all Segment I requirements before taking History 300, and also to complete History 110, 111, 120, and 121. Successful completion of ENG 214 or it's equivalent required to enroll in HIST 300GWAR.

EUROPEAN HISTORY TO 1500

313 Comparataive history of Love and exuality

HIST 329   Early Church 313-787 (GE)
Frank Kidner
A History of the Christian Church from the conversion of Constantine to the Iconoclastic controversy. Topics will include: the emerging Christian views of empire and emperor; the Trinitarian controversy, monasticism, the Christological controversies, popular and learned Christianity, among others.

One mid-term examination and a final examination. One book report on an assigned book.
Required Reading:
Joseph H. Lynch, Early Christianity: A Brief History. (Oxford)
Benedicta Ward, SLG, Daily Reading with the Desert Fathers. (Templegate)
Ramsay MacMullen, Christianizing the Rome Empire, A.D. 200-400 (Yale) (book report)

HIST 334   The Renaissance   (GE)
Jarbel Rodriguez
The Renaissance: its mere invocation is powerful enough to fill our imaginations with images of artistic geniuses, architectural marvels, humanistic scholars, and none‐too‐pious popes. But during this time (14th‐16th centuries), Europe was much more than this. It was also an age of famines, horrendous pandemics that killed millions, wars that lasted a hundred years (and more) and threatened to engulf the entire continent, inquisitive explorers that sought distant lands and inquisitors that tried to ensure true belief in the Catholic Church. The aim of this course is to provide an understanding of Europe between 1300 and 1550 as it went through repeated and tumultuous periods of crisis and rebirth.

HIST 337   Knowing and Unknowing in Early Modern Europe
Laura Lisy-Wagner
The early modern period was a time of great changes in how Europeans perceived their world. Voyages of exploration, scientific discoveries, and religious changes profoundly changed much of what they thought they knew to be true. This course focuses on the intellectual life of early modern Europe by looking at two related themes: knowing and unknowing. The first half of the course, dedicated to knowing, focuses on changing epistemological structures in the period, on what was known, how it was known, and how it was proven. The second half takes for its title a word from texts of religious mysticism - the concept of unknowing. In this part of the course, we will look at nonrational processes - at utopian fantasy, religious mysticism, leaps of faith, and magic.

EUROPEAN HISTORY SINCE 1500

History 317   Holocaust and Genocide (GE)      X-listed with Jewish Studies (JS 317)
Ben Martin
In this course we will focus on histories of genocide in the twentieth century and grapple with problems of defining "genocide." How and when do processes of mass murder begin? What are the first signs? How do they develop? Can they be prevented in the future? The international community's outcry "Never again!" after the horrors of the Holocaust proved to be an empty phrase; genocidal events continue into the twenty-first century. How are populations stigmatized in terms of race, ethnicity/religion, gender, and class? What forms of resistance have been effective in rescue and survival? We will explore historical, socioeconomic, and psychological causal agents and discuss critical essays, literary eyewitness accounts, films, and presentations by guest speakers. You will become familiar with genocidal events, affecting Native Americans, Africans (such as the Hereros and Darfurians), Armenians, Jews, Sinti and Roma, Ukrainians, Cambodians, and Bosnians, among many others. Key requirements for this course are your active participation and preparation; co facilitation of class discussions based on weekly readings; and a thoughtful analysis of videotaped Holocaust survivor testimony. Also offered as JS 317.

HIST 344  Nineteenth Century Europe (GE)
Sarah Curtis
This course will look at the development of European society from 1815 to the eve of World War I.  It will concentrate primarily on the historical experience of Britain, France, Germany, and Russia.  Instead of focusing exclusively on political events or diplomatic relations, we will examine the transformations in society and culture that shaped the European world view.  Topics to be covered include: attitudes towards poverty after the Industrial Revolution, the Romantic movement, utopian and Marxist socialism, the Revolutions of 1848, urbanization and city planning, the emancipation of the Russian serfs, Darwinism, the unification of Germany, the "new woman," European imperialism, and the new mass movements at the end of the century.  Reading materials will be novels, memoirs, and other documents.

HIST 347 Women in Modern Europe- The Voices of European Women from the Renaissance to the Present
Doxis Doxiadis
This course will cover the history of European women from the Renaissance to the Modern Era, with a particular focus on what women themselves wrote through the centuries, and what men wrote, or legislated, regarding women. The aim is to consider women authors, activists, philosophers, and politicians in as wide reaching a manner as possible and to go beyond the usual focus of Western Europe to examine the experiences and concerns of women in Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe, as well as their responses to the writings of influential male authors, or the reactions of the latter to the writings of the women activists. A special unit will look at women in Greece.  The course will be based primarily on discussions of the reading material. The focus will be on primary sources but no previous experience in gender studies or European history is required.

HIST 348   Modern European Intellectual & Cultural History
Ben Martin
In this course we will explore several of the great themes of intellectual and cultural life in Europe from the French Revolution to the present. Focused entirely on primary sources – including essays, fiction, painting, music, and cinema – the course will ask students to engage critically with cultural production, political thought, and the places where culture and politics meet. Topics range from romanticism as expressed by Goethe’s Faust  to post-modern consumerism as expressed by IKEA. In-class discussion, group work, and several writing assignments will challenge students to develop skills of cultural analysis as well as to form and defend their own opinions.

HIST 349  Venetians and Ottomans in the Eastern Mediterranean and Greece  --   new fall 2010
Doxis Doxiadis.
This course will examine the Republic of Venice in conjunction with the Ottoman Empire with a particular focus on their interactions in the Eastern Mediterranean. The course will begin with the rise of the two states, how they were organized and functioned, and of course the conflicts between them. At the same time it will examine the cultures of the two societies, the way they dealt with common problems as for instance the ethnic and religious minorities they had, issues of heresy, commerce, unrest and uprisings, and so on, and the solutions they developed. The course aims to incorporate the Ottoman Empire into European history, while doing the same for Venice with regards to Eastern Mediterranean and Balkan history. Although primarily a lecture course, discussions will be an integral part of every class. Many of the readings will be from translated primary sources that will augment the textbooks and other readings.

HIST 350   Struggling with the Past: Greece and the Balkans from 1453 to the Present  x/listed with Modern Greek Studies ( MGS 350)
Doxis Doxiadis
This is a survey course of the Balkans with particular emphasis on the history of modern Greece. The course will try to dispel (or explain) some of the myths about the area and will look into a variety of topics such as language, religion, culture, education, and economic development through which students will hopefully get a broad understanding of the region and modern Greek history and culture.  Although a significant part of the course will focus on nation building and nationalism, we will also deal with literature, gender, and class issues as well as ideology and political movements. The course will be partly conducted through lectures and partly through discussion of the various readings. No previous knowledge of Balkan or European history is required.

HIST 386 Soviets, West & Cold War   (GE)
Anthony D’Agostino
An attempt at a world history of the Cold War. At center stage is the nuclear arms race and the ideological and political confrontation between the two superpowers. We want to try to understand how their cooperation against the fascists in World War Two was transformed into a hostile standoff in the center of Europe that threatened the incineration of the planet. We trace this problem up to the fall of Soviet Communism in the Gorbachev reforms. But this period also saw the British, French, Dutch, and Portuguese empires give way to revolutionary forces in the third world. Both the superpowers threw themselves into struggles on every continent, and imposed a Cold War dimension on the de colonization process. The Cold War thus became a matter not only of the nuclear face-off in Europe, but also of the Chinese, Cuban, Iranian, and other revolutions. A generation of youth rose up against the Cold War and transformed the world. Europe challenged the supremacy of the dollar and OPEC plunged the western economies into the crisis of the oil shocks. We seek to make sense of these things in a global context. A number of films will be shown for visual backup to the lectures and discussion periods. Texts include: Walker, The Cold War, and Judge and Langdon, The Cold War in Documents.

HIST 390 European International History 1918-1945 (GE)
Anthony D’Agostino
World politics in the era of the world wars. The course investigates the unraveling of the balance of power achieved by the seeming defeat of Germany and its allies at the end of World War One. We trace the differences between Britain and France over how to treat Germany to their antagonism in the Middle East. We weigh the claims of the fascists to the role of white knights protecting European civilization from the Russian revolution. We try to view the clash of Japanese and American spheres of influence in the Pacific alongside the British and French imperial interests and the Soviet revolutionary influence in China. We consider the charge that the French caused the Great Depression. We follow the march of the fascist dictators and the frantic measures taken by the British to appease their appetites. We take note of the rise of the United States to a global role. Intellectual, cultural, and spiritual influences on international relations get their due attention. A few films provide visual backup to the lectures and discussions. Texts include Carsten, The Rise of Fascism, Yergin, The Prize, and possibly Marks, The End of European Ascendancy.

History 400   History of Modern European Imperialism
Trevor Getz
History 400 is a class about 19th and 20th century imperialism. Loosely defined, imperialism centers around the act of political subjugation of one peoples by another. However, imperialism by definition never entails complete assimilation culturally, economically, or (it turns out) politically. Thus it is more a give-and-take relationship than total domination; resistance to and subversion of the imperial mission is commonplace. This class is about conquest and domination, but it is also about gender, race, class, and culture. We will discuss ‘imperialism’ as an internalized ideology amongst Europeans and to a lesser extent American and Japanese societies. We will also look at imperialism’s partner colonialism in terms of the relationship between metropole and colony. The first part of this class will center upon a discussion of the origins and context from which modern imperialism arose. We will then look closely at the reasons for, and events of, imperial expansion. We will spend much of this course seeking to understand the reciprocity of the colonial relationship, as well as its ultimate oppression, and finally we will look at decolonization, and ask whether colonialism has actually met its end.

UNITED STATES HISTORY


HIST 426    U.S. History 1877-1916 (GE)
Charles Postel     
This course explores the stormy decades in which the United States was transformed from a mainly agricultural and rural society, to one that was industrial, urban, and modern. The key themes of the course will include the growth of corporate power and of an active national state; America’s acquisition of an overseas empire; labor radicalism and social reform movements; race relations and immigration; women’s rights and the birth of feminism. Course requirements include two essays on the readings (five pages each), a midterm and a final exam.

HIST 450  California History (GE, CA)
Mark Sigmon, Phil Dreyfus
History 450 covers the history of California from the period preceding Spanish colonization to the present. While particular topics vary from section to section, most sections treat the following- the consequences of the Native American/European contact, the making of Hispanic California, the Gold Rush, the ultimate rise of American dominance, and California’s role in the twentieth-century U.S. history. The course addresses the characteristic social, economic and political patterns that define the state, and examines conflict and accommodation between Californians on the basis of race, ethnicity class and gender. Most sections employ a text and supplementary readings, and all require written work. [Please consult with an advisor to determine whether or not you need this course to meet the California State & Government requirement].

HIST 461 U.S. Foreign Relations 1913 to Present
Jessica Elkind
This course will explore American foreign relations and the role of the United States in the world from 1913 to the present. We will not only look at the events, personalities, and forces involved in shaping American foreign policy, but we will also consider the differing interpretations that decision‐makers and scholars have developed about that history. We will focus on the creation and maintenance of the American empire; the emergence of the US as a superpower; America’s involvement in the instigation, perpetuation and conclusion of the Cold War; cultural, economic and educational exchange between the US and other nations; and the United States’ participation in the international community. Requirements for the course include a midterm, two short papers, and a final exam.

HIST 463   History of Raza in US (US H)
X-listed with RAZA Studies (RAZA 376.2) and (RAZA 376.2)
Almaguer
Raza history from pre-colonial to contemporary times. Social, cultural, political, and economic heritage of La Raza and their contributions to American society. –Bulletin Description. Please contact instructor for detailed course description.

HIST 466   History of People of Color in the US  X-listed with Ethnic Studies (ETHS 600)
Sueyoshi, A
History of the U.S. people of color, their experience in the development of American society, from 1600s to present. Consequences of domination and racism in thwarting economic interests, and responses to limiting institutional arrangements. (May not be repeated under alternate prefix.) (Fulfills the U.S. History component of the U.S. History and Government Requirement) [USH]

HIST 473   Unfree Labor in the Early US   X-listed with Ethnic Studies (ETHS 473) and Labor Studies (LABR 473)
Eva Shepard Wolf
Before the ascendancy of capitalism in America, a large proportion-in many places the majority-of people labored as unfree workers: servants, apprentices, and slaves. These forms of labor shared important features but also differed in significant ways. This lecture-discussion course examines 7 and compares various forms of unfree labor in early America from the colonial period to the American Civil War, tracing change over time and investigating the relationship among economic systems, ideology, and social relations. The course ends with the triumph of free labor over bonded labor in the nineteenth century. Issues of power, race, and gender, which were intimately tied to labor, figure largely in our investigation. Assignments include participation in class discussions, two papers, several quizzes, a midterm exam, and a final exam.

HIST 474   History of Labor in the United States
X-listed with Economics (ECON 474) and Labor Studies (LABR 474)
Leikin
This course is about the history of American labor in its broadest possible meaning. We will take as fundamental the place of work in establishing human identity and meaning. We will then explore the changing nature of work from the 17th century to the present. We will also take as fundamental the role of labor systems and class in distributing power and wealth in American society. Consequently we will examine how systems of labor changed over time and the way in which people participated in and resisted these changes. We will explore the intersections of race, gender and class in the making and unmaking of labor systems in, among other contexts, the slave South and free labor North, the new mass production industries of the early 20th century, and during wars both hot and cold.

HIST 476   US Environmental History
Phil Dreyfus
This course examines the history of Americans’ interactions with the physical environment of the current United States from the European colonial period to the present. We will address a number of inter-related questions. How have natural environments established parameters for human economic and social activity? How have human beings interpreted and then reshaped their environmental surroundings in an effort to satisfy their perceived needs? How have different groups of human occupants of American soil interacted in their quest to manage, control and distribute the resources of the land? What impact has "race" and gender exerted on perceptions of our place in and relationship to the non-human environment?  Students will have an opportunity to answer these questions through exposure to some of the best current literature in the field, and will additionally have a chance to consider some of the philosophical and political issues surrounding resource use as the class studies the views of advocates such as John Muir and Aldo Leopold, as well as late-twentieth century environmentalism and government policy.

HIST 489 Dynamics of the American City     X-listed with Urban Studies (USP 400)
Rubin, Das
Historical development and contemporary condition of urban America, city planning, federal-city relations; dynamics of urban policy making; class, gender, race and ethnicity in urban America.

HIST 490  US and the Cold War
Jessida Elkind
From the end of World War II until the early 1990s, the Cold War defined American foreign relations and shaped political, economic, scientific, and cultural developments in the United States and around the world.  This class is a combination lecture/discussion course that focuses on US history during the Cold War, both at home and abroad.  Students will read and think critically about primary sources from this period as well as some of the most influential scholarship on the United States in the Cold War.  They will also conduct original research on a topic related to the Cold War and produce a paper based on that research.

LATIN AMERICA

HIST 500  Colonial Latin America
Julyana Peard
This course covers the colonial history of Latin America from the late fifteenth century through the Independence movements of the early nineteenth century. We will look briefly at pre-Columbian civilizations and Iberia before its westward expansion, at the colonization and settlement of America, and at indigenous resistance. We will analyze the economy and society of mature colonies and their linkages to an emerging world system. Finally, we will look at the broad reorientations of the eighteenth century, which unleashed the movements for independence.

HIST 501   Latin America: The National Period (GE)     X-listed with Anthropology (ANTH 501) and RAZA Studies (RAZA 501), and Social Science (SS 501)
Abdiel Oñate
This course is a social, political, and cultural history of Latin America from the independence movements of the 1800s to the present. It emphasizes the process of nation building and the distinct national identity that emerged in each country. We will explore the characteristic culture, race, and gender relations of several countries including the prospects for future democracies and economic development. A ten‐page essay analyzing the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude by the Colombian novelist Gabriel Garcia Marques will illuminate many of the themes covered in class. Skidmore and Smith Eds. Modern Latin America, ( Oxford University Press). Guardino, Peasants, Politics, and the Formation of Mexico 's National State : Guerrero, 1800‐1857, ( Stanford University Press). Sarmiento, Facundo: Or, Civilization and Barbarism, (Penguin Classics) Ferrer, Insurgent Cuba : Race, Nation, and Revolution, 1868‐1898 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press). Lavrin, Women, Feminism, and Social Change in Argentina , Chile , and Uruguay 1890‐1940, ( Nebraska University Press). Loveman , Chile , The Legacy of Hispanic Capitalism ( Oxford University Press) Marquez, One Hundred Years of Solitude*. (Harper Collins) *Note: Spanish version is recommended but not required.

HIST 524   History of Mexico (GE)
Abdiel Oñate
Students will examine selected themes in Mexican politics, economics, and culture from the Spanish conquest in 1521 to the present. Initially, we will focus on the blending of Spanish and Indian civilizations and the emergence of a Mexican identity from its colonial period. Students will then explore the process of nation-building after independence in the 19th century, and assess agrarian conflict and revolution in the 20th century. The state’s ascent as the dominant force in society, the peculiar nature of Mexico's "one party democracy," and the exhaustion of such a system by the year 2000, are the main themes in the second half of the course.

ASIA


HIST 570   Imperial China (GE)
Pi-Ching Hsu
The purpose of the course is to explore the historical development of the Chinese Empire from around 900 to 1700. Imperial China underwent tremendous changes during this period: the disappearance of the aristocracy, the reconstruction of the state bureaucracy, the evolution of a new state orthodoxy--Neo-Confucianism, the syncretism of various religious traditions, the integration of China into world economy, the changing faces of gender relations, the rise of the vernacular literature, and the onslaught of "barbarian" rules. We will be looking at these, among other aspects of Chinese political, social, and cultural history from the end of the Tang to the beginning of the Qing dynasties.

HIST 571   History of Modern China
Pi-Ching Hsu
Over the past few centuries the combination of political disturbances within and Western penetration from without produced crises of social and cultural disintegration throughout most of Asia. How did China, the oldest continuous civilization on earth, respond to such crises? This course investigates the search for modernity in China’s recent history from 1600 down to the present. We study how China has been adapting and changing, while preserving some of its immutable social‐cultural values. We explore the ethnic and political tension within and between China and Taiwan in the last few centuries. We also take a close look at the complex landscape of contemporary Chinese culture and society.

HIST 578   History of Japan
Ph-ching Hsu
Japan is an island country of modest geographic size and a late developer in world history, but today it has emerged as a giant in world economy and politics. Throughout its history Japan has borrowed first from China, then from the West; yet it has preserved its own cultural identity and has developed one of the most distinctive cultures in the world. This course traces the evolution of Japanese civilization from past to present. While we look at Japanese history from all aspects--geographic, political, economic, social, cultural, and demographic--we pay special attention to Japan's cultural heritage, social structure, and international relationships through the ages.

SOUTH ASIA

HIST 585   India Since Gandhi
Chris Chekuri
Introduction to themes in Indian history since the end of British colonial rule in 1947; the legacy of the British colonial empire, Gandhi and anti‐colonial nationalism, Nehru's vision of India, caste movements, Muslim and Hindu nationalism,economic globalization, cinema and popular culture, and foreign policy.

MIDDLE EAST

HIST 605   Islamic World II: 1500 to present (GE)
Maziar Behrooz
This course is a study of Islamic civilization (the Middle East), history, and culture from 1700 to the present. It focuses on a core region (the area between the Nile and Oxus rivers). Topics for the first part of the course include politics and society in the 18th and 19th centuries, the impact of European imperialism on the region's economy and culture, the response of regional (especially Ottoman) reform movements. Topics for the second half of the course include the transformation of empires into nation-states, the rise of Arab nationalism, Arab-Israeli conflict, and the history of Iran, particularly its two 20th-century revolutions. The course also seeks to explain the rise of political Islam in light of its historical context. Students will be able to identify the political and social forces that have contributed to the modern Middle East. Students will discuss and analyze the region in light of divergent processes toward modernity by comparing and contrasting a variety of roads to and choices about modernity in the Islamic world.

AFRICA

HIST 611    Modern Africa  (GE)
Trevor Getz
This upper division course covers the history of Africa from the historical crossroads of the early 19th century forward to the modern day. The dual trends of state-building and foreign intervention collided during this period, resulting in both the colonial period of the 1880s- 1960s and the successful struggle for independence that culminated in the free elections in South Africa in 1994. Behind these political trends we will discover the coalescing of African societies prior to colonialism, their resistance and negotiations with the colonial states, and their experiments in replacing the colonial apparatus. Much of the important evidence of these processes is found in trends of culture, gender, art, and economics within African societies. Equally important are the trends of exchange- between African societies, with European and Islamic neighbors, and with diasporan Africans. This course will emphasize reading, research, and writing and will utilize lectures, primary and secondary source materials, discussions, and simulations. This course satisfies General Education requirements for Segment III.


SINGLE-SUBJECT CREDENTIAL IN SOCIAL SCIENCE

HIST 681   Community Service in Schools
X-listed with Social Science (SS 681)
Sherry Keith
Community service learning in schools offers history majors the opportunity to work directly with middle and high school students and teachers in a variety of school settings in the San Francisco Bay Area. This field-based course provides a close look at teaching history and the chance to share knowledge and skills history majors are developing through their academic studies at SFSU. Students volunteer a minimum of 45 hours in one or two classrooms. Volunteer activities may include tutoring, facilitating small group discussions, preparing materials, reading student papers, assisting students with independent projects and research papers, and computer based instruction. History 681 meets the "Early Field Experience" requirement for entrance into any single or multiple
subject credential program in the state of California as well as fulfilling a requirement for the History/Social Science subject matter program at SFSU. Students planning to enroll in History 681 should make provisions prior to the beginning of the semester to have a police finger print clearance and current tuberculosis test (requirements for all volunteers who work with students in any California public school). TB test may be obtained at the SFSU Student Health Center. A "Live Scan" Finger print clearance can be obtained through the campus police, at a special discount for SFSU students, or your local police department.

COURSES FOR THE HISTORY HONORS CONCENTRATION

 HIST 697 Honors Thesis
Arranged, please contact Barbara Loomis
Tutorial leading to an honors project or thesis based on intensive study of a topic or problem. Topic to be determined by student and faculty member selected by the student.

HIST 698     Directed Reading in History
Arranged, please contact Barbara Loomis
Directed reading in selected areas of history under the supervision of a faculty member.

COURSES BY INDIVIDUAL STUDY

HIST 680/880   Archives/History Internship
Arranged, please contact Barbara Loomis or Dawn Mabalon
An internship represents an unusual opportunity to earn credit by working at some off-campus site dedicated to the preservation of historic artifacts or documents. Students might work in an archive, learning the various elements of the work there in organizing papers or photographs, preserving documents, and making such articles available to researchers. Students might choose instead to work with an agency for historical preservation, learning the various elements involved in preserving or restoring buildings or artifacts, researching their history, and using them to inform the public. Among the agencies where the student might work are the Labor Archives (on campus), the local branch of the National Archives, the Maritime Museum, or the Heritage Foundation. Each internship will be separately arranged and every effort will be made to match your interests with an appropriate site for the development of those interests. Students taking History 680/880 for the first time should register for four units. May be taken for 3 or 4 units.

HIST 690/890   Edit & Publish the History Journal (Ex Post Facto)
Arranged, please contact Chris Waldrep
Supervised experience in editing and production of an annual journal of research done by SFSU students. Not applicable to major or minor fields within history majors. No more than a combined total of eight units may be earned in History 690 and 890. Credit/no credit grades only. May be taken for 1 to 4 units.

HIST 699/899   Special Study in History
Arranged, please contact the faculty member with whom you want to work.
 Supervised study of a particular problem selected by the student. A petition for Special Study and an add form must be signed by the instructor and turned into the history department office before the student can register for the course. A petition for Special Study that clearly outlines learning objectives and methods as well as evaluation of learning objectives must be completed and signed by the course instructor, student’s faculty advisor, and the History Department Chair before a student may enroll in this course.  May be taken for 1 to 4 units.